A level playing field, according to which all traffic flows with equal priority to all points, and with no data sources being favored in exchange for money or other consideration, is critical to maintaining the openness of the Internet. This level playing field is called network neutrality (although more nuanced applications of the terms are sometimes used). It is this openness that allows initially small operations to be accessible to all users which leads to the success of new ideas, including ideas that weaken or destroy the then-curent successes.
A good example of the benefits of network neutrality is Google itself. Back in the early days of the Internet, the most popular search tool was AltaVista, which launched in 1995, and by 1997 AltaVista was running more than 80 million searches a day. Then it all went bad. Why? One word: Google.
But consider what might have happened had AltaVista, owned by Digital Equipment Corporation, cut a deal with the then major internet backbone providers to either speed AltaVista search data or slow down its search competitors data. Google might not have a stood a chance.
Now there have been reports (here, here and here, for example) that Google and Verizon have been engaged in talks that could spell an attack on network neutrality. Each denies that agreements have been reach, but all the denials are weak and more in the nature of non-denial denials than reliable endorsements of net neutrality. From The Economist:
Let’s leave aside for a second the question of just how terrible of an idea [a Google/Verizon agreement] is, and just how likely it is to throttle innovation by small actors on the web as it prioritises the work of better-capitalised companies. Let’s focus instead on a more basic question: why does America have regulators?
If companies always agreed with regulators’ rules, there would be no need for regulators. The very point of a regulator is to do things that companies don’t like, out of concern for the welfare of the market or the consumer.
Unless and until the full details of any such agreement are released to the public, we should be wary of the motives of both Google and Verizon. We should also insist that regulators insist that the public utility of the Internet not be destroyed by huge corporations acting purely in their own self interest Support a strong FCC